World War II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. World War IIClockwise from top left: Chinese forces in the Battle of Wanjialing, Australian 2. First Battle of El Alamein, German Stuka dive bombers on the Eastern Front in December 1. U. S. naval force in the Lingayen Gulf, Wilhelm Keitel signing the German Instrument of Surrender, Soviet troops in the Battle of Stalingrad. Participants. Allies. Axis. Commanders and leaders.
Get the latest international news and events from Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and more. See world news photos and videos at ABCNews. World War II. Coming just two decades after the last great global conflict, the Second World War was the most widespread and deadliest war in history, involving more. Free World War 2 Games and WW2 Games online. Play these classic war games - control tanks, airplanes, manage battalions of troops and fight the war!
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Main Allied leaders. Joseph Stalin. Franklin Roosevelt. Winston Churchill.
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Chiang Kai- shek. Main Axis leaders. Adolf Hitler. Hirohito[b]Benito Mussolini. Casualties and losses. Military dead: Over 1. Civilian dead: Over 4. Total dead: Over 6.
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Military dead: Over 8,0. Civilian dead: Over 4,0. Total dead: Over 1.
World War II (WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1. It involved the vast majority of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 1.
In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 1. Hiroshima and Nagasaki),[3] it resulted in an estimated 5. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history.[4]The Empire of Japan aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific and was already at war with the Republic of China in 1. September 1. 93. 9[6] with the invasion of Poland by Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and the United Kingdom.
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From late 1. 93. 9 to early 1. Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Based on the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1. Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. The war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the coalition of the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth, with campaigns including the North Africa and East Africa campaigns, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz bombing campaign, the Balkan Campaign as well as the long- running Battle of the Atlantic. In June 1. 94. 1, the European Axis powers launched an invasion of the Soviet Union, opening the largest land theatre of war in history, which trapped the major part of the Axis' military forces into a war of attrition. In December 1. 94.
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- World War II (WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, though related conflicts began earlier.
- World War I; Clockwise from the top: The aftermath of shelling during the Battle of the Somme, Mark V tanks cross the Hindenburg Line, HMS Irresistible sinks after.
Japan attacked the United States and European territories in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific. The Axis advance halted in 1.
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Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway, near Hawaii, and Germany was defeated in North Africa and then, decisively, at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union. In 1. 94. 3, with a series of German defeats on the Eastern Front, the Allied invasion of Italy which brought about Italian surrender, and Allied victories in the Pacific, the Axis lost the initiative and undertook strategic retreat on all fronts. In 1. 94. 4, the Western Allies invaded German- occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies. During 1. 94. 4 and 1. Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South. Central China and Burma, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy and captured key Western Pacific islands.
The war in Europe ended with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet and Polish troops and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1. Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 2.
July 1. 94. 5 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 August and 9 August respectively. With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent, the possibility of additional atomic bombings, and the Soviet Union's declaration of war on Japan and invasion of Manchuria, Japan surrendered on 1. August 1. 94. 5. Thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world. The United Nations (UN) was established to foster international co- operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—the United States, the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom, and France—became the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.[7] The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 4. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the decolonisation of Asia and Africa began.
Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre- war enmities and to create a common identity.[8]Chronology. The start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1.
German invasion of Poland; Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino- Japanese War on 7 July 1. Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 1. September 1. 93. 1.[1.
Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino- Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously and the two wars merged in 1. This article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1.
The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of the Second World War as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1. The exact date of the war's end is also not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 1. August 1. 94. 5 (V- J Day), rather than the formal surrender of Japan (2 September 1.
A peace treaty with Japan was signed in 1. Allied prisoners of war who had been victims of atrocities.[1. A treaty regarding Germany's future allowed the reunification of East and West Germany to take place in 1. World War II issues.[1. Background. World War I had radically altered the political European map, with the defeat of the Central Powers—including Austria- Hungary, Germany and the Ottoman Empire—and the 1. Bolshevikseizure of power in Russia.
Meanwhile, existing victorious Allies such as France, Belgium, Italy, Greece and Romania gained territories, and new Nation states were created out of the collapse of Austria- Hungary and the Ottoman and Russian Empires. To prevent a future world war, the League of Nations was created during the 1. Paris Peace Conference. The organisation's primary goals were to prevent armed conflict through collective security, military and naval disarmament, and settling international disputes through peaceful negotiations and arbitration.
Despite strong pacifist sentiment after World War I,[1. European states. These sentiments were especially marked in Germany because of the significant territorial, colonial, and financial losses incurred by the Treaty of Versailles.
Under the treaty, Germany lost around 1. German annexation of other states was prohibited, reparations were imposed, and limits were placed on the size and capability of the country's armed forces.[1. The German Empire was dissolved in the German Revolution of 1. Weimar Republic, was created. The interwar period saw strife between supporters of the new republic and hardline opponents on both the right and left. Italy, as an Entente ally, had made some post- war territorial gains; however, Italian nationalists were angered that the promises made by Britain and France to secure Italian entrance into the war were not fulfilled with the peace settlement.
From 1. 92. 2 to 1. Fascist movement led by Benito Mussolini seized power in Italy with a nationalist, totalitarian, and class collaborationist agenda that abolished representative democracy, repressed socialist, left- wing and liberal forces, and pursued an aggressive expansionist foreign policy aimed at forging Italy as a world power, promising the creation of a "New Roman Empire".[2. The Kuomintang (KMT) party in China launched a unification campaign against regional warlords and nominally unified China in the mid- 1. Chinese communist allies.[2.
In 1. 93. 1, an increasingly militaristic. Japanese Empire, which had long sought influence in China[2. Asia, used the Mukden Incident as a pretext to launch an invasion of Manchuria and establish the puppet state of Manchukuo.[2.
Too weak to resist Japan, China appealed to the League of Nations for help. Japan withdrew from the League of Nations after being condemned for its incursion into Manchuria. The two nations then fought several battles, in Shanghai, Rehe and Hebei, until the Tanggu Truce was signed in 1. Thereafter, Chinese volunteer forces continued the resistance to Japanese aggression in Manchuria, and Chahar and Suiyuan.[2. Adolf Hitler, after an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government in 1. Chancellor of Germany in 1.
He abolished democracy, espousing a radical, racially motivated revision of the world order, and soon began a massive rearmament campaign.[2. It was at this time that multiple political scientists began to predict that a second Great War might take place.[2. Meanwhile, France, to secure its alliance, allowed Italy a free hand in Ethiopia, which Italy desired as a colonial possession.
The situation was aggravated in early 1. Territory of the Saar Basin was legally reunited with Germany and Hitler repudiated the Treaty of Versailles, accelerated his rearmament programme and introduced conscription.[2.